Insights into the influence of culture systems on maximum root length of rice (Oryza sativa L.) through phosphoproteomics analysis

To investigate the root system, three indoor cultivation systems, including water agar, deep water, and vermiculite-based hydroponics, are commonly used. However, their effects on the root development of rice (Oryza sativa L.) remain unknown. In this study, we assessed the effect of these indoor cultivation systems on the maximum root length (MRL) and examined the changes in phosphorylated protein profiles by LC-MS/MS.