Robust Magnetic Polaron Percolation in the Antiferromagnetic CMR System EuCd2P2 [dataset]

Antiferromagnetic \ECP\ has attracted considerable attention due to its unconventional (magneto)transport properties. At a temperature $T_{\rm peak}$ significantly above the magnetic ordering temperature $T_\textrm{N} = 11$\,K a large peak in resistivity is observed which gets strongly suppressed in magnetic field, resulting in a colossal magnetoresistance (CMR), for which magnetic fluctuations and the formation of ferromagnetic clusters have been proposed as underlying mechanisms. Employing a selection of sensitive probes including fluctuation spectroscopy and third-harmonic resistance, Hall effect, AC susceptibility and $\mu$SR measurements, allows for a direct comparison of electronic and magnetic properties on multiple time scales. We find compelling evidence for electronic and magnetic phase separation caused by the formation and percolation of magnetic polarons, which is intimately related to the CMR effect. Large peaks in the weakly-nonlinear transport and the resistance noise power spectral density at zero magnetic field signify an inhomogeneous, percolating electronic system below $T^\ast \approx 2\,T_\textrm{N}$ with a percolation threshold at $T_{\rm peak}$. In magnetic fields, the onset of large negative MR in the paramagnetic regime occurs at a universal critical magnetization similar to ferromagnetic CMR materials. The size of the magnetic polarons at the percolation threshold is estimated to $\sim 6 - 10$\,nm. The mechanism of magnetic cluster formation and percolation in \ECP\ appears to be rather robust despite large variations in carrier concentration and likely is relevant for other Eu-based antiferromagnetic CMR systems.