Global primary energy demand change 2019-2021, by select country

Global energy demand has been heavily impacted by the ongoing restrictions caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. However, energy demand changes have varied around the world. In the United States and the European Union, it is projected that coal demand will fall an estimated 1.45 percent and 1.9 percent, respectively, in 2021 relative to 2019 levels. In contrast, coal demand in China will increase by more than three percent. Oil demand has been the most negatively affected energy source due to the significant restrictions on mobility. Meanwhile, renewable energy demand has experienced growth during the pandemic. In 2020, global primary energy demand fell four percent year on year.

全球能源需求深受COVID-19大流行引发的持续限制措施之重创。然而，全球能源需求的变动呈现出显著的地区差异。在美国及欧盟地区，预计2021年煤炭需求相对于2019年水平将分别下降约1.45%和1.9%。与此形成鲜明对比的是，中国煤炭需求将增长超过3%。石油需求由于流动性受限的影响最为显著，因而受到最严重的负面影响。与此同时，可再生能源需求在疫情期间亦呈现出增长趋势。2020年，全球一次能源需求同比下降4%。