Data_Sheet_2_Changes in oral, skin, and gut microbiota in children with atopic dermatitis: a case-control study.PDF

IntroductionAtopic dermatitis (AD) is a common clinical recurrent atopic disease in dermatology, most seen in children and adolescents. In recent years, AD has been found to be closely associated with microbial communities.MethodsTo explore the synergistic effects between colonizing bacteria from different sites and AD, we comparatively analyzed the skin, oral, and gut microbiota of children with AD (50 individuals) and healthy children (50 individuals) by 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Twenty samples were also randomly selected from both groups for metabolic and macrogenomic sequencing.ResultsThe results of our sequencing study showed reduced microbiota diversity in the oral, skin, and gut of children with AD (P < 0.05). Metabolomics analysis showed that serotonergic synapse, arachidonic acid metabolism, and steroid biosynthesis were downregulated at all three loci in the oral, skin, and gut of children with AD (P < 0.05). Macrogenomic sequencing analysis showed that KEGG functional pathways of the three site flora were involved in oxidative phosphorylation, ubiquitin-mediated proteolysis, mRNA surveillance pathway, ribosome biogenesis in eukaryotes, proteasome, basal transcription factors, peroxisome, MAPK signaling pathway, mitophagy, fatty acid elongation, and so on (P < 0.05).DiscussionThe combined microbial, metabolic, and macrogenetic analyses identified key bacteria, metabolites, and pathogenic pathways that may be associated with AD development. We provides a more comprehensive and in-depth understanding of the role of the microbiota at different sites in AD patients, pointing to new directions for future diagnosis, treatment and prognosis.

引言：特应性皮炎（AD）是皮肤科领域常见且反复发作的特应性疾病，主要见于儿童及青少年。近年来，研究发现AD与微生物群落密切相关。方法：为探究不同部位定植细菌与AD之间的协同作用，我们通过16S rRNA基因测序，对比分析了50名AD儿童及50名健康儿童的皮肤、口腔和肠道微生物群。同时，从两组中随机选取了20个样本进行代谢和宏基因组测序。结果：我们的测序研究表明，AD儿童的口腔、皮肤和肠道微生物群多样性显著降低（P < 0.05）。代谢组学分析显示，AD儿童的口腔、皮肤和肠道中，血清素能突触、花生四烯酸代谢和类固醇生物合成在三个部位均表现出下调（P < 0.05）。宏基因组测序分析表明，三个部位微生物群的功能KEGG通路涉及氧化磷酸化、泛素介导的蛋白质降解、mRNA监控途径、真核生物的核糖体生物合成、蛋白酶体、基本转录因子、过氧化物酶体、MAPK信号通路、线粒体自噬、脂肪酸延长等（P < 0.05）。讨论：结合微生物、代谢和宏基因组学分析，我们识别出可能与AD发展相关的关键细菌、代谢产物和致病途径。本研究为AD患者不同部位微生物群的作用提供了更为全面和深入的认知，为未来诊断、治疗和预后研究指明了新的方向。