Holocene environmental change in Rotsee and its impact on sedimentary carbon storage

To assess the long-term impact of climate change and human influence on lakes and their sedimentary carbon storage, paleo-environmental approaches using well-dated lake sediment cores can be employed. Here, we reconstruct carbon mass accumulation rates for organic and inorganic carbon since 13 ka BP in Rotsee, a perialpine lake near the Swiss Alps, using a 12m sediment core. A multiproxy approach (XRF, carbon and nitrogen isotopes, organic macromolecule chemical compositions, aDNA) was used to explore changes in the lake system that affect sedimentary carbon storage. The Early Holocene (11.8 to 7 cal ka BP) was characterized by a mixed phytoplankton and watershed-derived provenance of organic matter, and the deposition of inorganic and organic sedimentary carbon. Warming during the Holocene Thermal Maximum (9.8 to 8.8 cal ka BP) increased sedimentary carbon storage. In the mid-to-late Holocene (7 to 1 cal ka BP), the sedimentary record indicates an increased influx of allochthonous, vas..., Core collection and on-site subsampling
Three short cores and two long cores were collected at a water depth of 5.5 m (47°04’27.81”N, 8°19’25.7”E WGS 84; 667230/214087 LV95) between 03/10/2021 and 05/10/2021. The short cores (40-60 cm long) were collected from a vessel using a gravity corer with clear plastic liners (UWITEC; inner liner diameter 90 mm). The two long cores (sections ROT21-1-1 to ROT21-1-5 and ROT21-1-6 to ROT21-1-9) were taken 4 m apart from each other, using a shoreline moored platform using a piston coring system with a manual hammer, without a re-entry cone (UWITEC; inner liner diameter: 59.5 mm). Long cores were taken in sections of 3 m (except for 1 section that was 2 m). The recovery of two parallel long cores, vertically offset by one meter, was necessary to obtain a high-quality, complete sedimentary sequence. All short and long cores were brought onshore for sampling immediately after core recovery. Short cores were maintained in vertical position and sampled by..., , # Data from: Holocene environmental change in Rotsee and its impact on sedimentary carbon storage

[https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.jsxksn0mq](https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.jsxksn0mq)

## Description of the data and file structure

This datafile contains measured parameters on which the paleo-environmental reconstruction of a Swiss peri-alpine lake (Rotsee). Three short cores and two long cores were collected at a water depth of 5.5 m (47°04’27.81”N, 8°19’25.7”E WGS 84; 667230/214087 LV95) between 03/10/2021 and 05/10/2021.

This includes:

* the data on which the age model is based, and the results of the age model
* the measured dry bulk density values
* all available XRF scans, and the tie points used for establishing the composite core
* the values for bulk TOC, TN, d15N-TN and d13C-TOC values
* the relative abundance of macromolecular classes
* the gene copy count of 18S (Eukaryotes) and rbcL genes (Tracheophyta, Ochrophyta, Clorophyta).

Because of its long record of climate, vegeta...,