RIDER Breast MRI

Ideally a patient’s response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy could be observed noninvasively, in the first 2-3 weeks of treatment using an imaging to provide feedback related to the effectiveness of the chosen chemotherapy regimen. This capability would permit individuation of patient care by supporting the opportunity to tailor chemotherapy to a each patient’s response. Functional diffusion mapping (fDM), now called Parametric Response Mapping (PRM) has been proposed as an MRI imaging biomarker for quantifying early brain tumor response to therapy [1-3]. This approach quantifies local apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) changes in tumors using a voxel-based analysis implemented by rigid registration of the patient’s head between interval exams. The RIDER Breast MRI data set extended this approach by demonstrating ADC changes in 3 of 5 primary breast cancer patients measured in response to onset of neoadjuvant chemotherapy from interval exams separated by only 8-11 days.

理想情况下，可在治疗最初2-3周内通过无创成像技术观察患者对新辅助化疗（neoadjuvant chemotherapy）的响应，以此为所选化疗方案的有效性提供反馈。该能力可支持根据每位患者的治疗响应个体化调整化疗方案，从而实现患者诊疗的精准定制。功能弥散成像（Functional diffusion mapping，简称fDM）现已更名为参数响应映射（Parametric Response Mapping，简称PRM），被提出作为一种磁共振成像（Magnetic Resonance Imaging，简称MRI）生物标志物，用于量化脑肿瘤的早期治疗响应[1-3]。该方法通过基于体素的分析，对患者两次间隔扫描检查时的头部实施刚性配准，以此量化肿瘤局部的表观弥散系数（apparent diffusion coefficient，简称ADC）变化。RIDER乳腺MRI数据集拓展了这一研究思路，其通过间隔仅8-11天的两次扫描检查，证实5名原发性乳腺癌患者在启动新辅助化疗后，有3名患者的肿瘤内ADC出现了可检测到的变化。