Seawater carbonate chemistry and survival, development, and growth of larval crown-of-thorns starfish, Acanthaster sp

We examined whether warming, acidification, and different food availability regimes interacted to affect the survival, development, and growth of larval crown-of-thorns starfish, Acanthaster sp. (CoTS). Larvae were reared in all combinations of two temperatures (26, 30 °C), two pH levels (pH 8.0, 7.6), and three food regimes ('low' ration: 1,000 cells mL-1; 'switch' ration: 1,000 cells mL-1 until day 11, followed by 50,000 cells mL-1; and 'high' ration: 50 000 cells mL-1).