Irisin ameliorates myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury through modulation of gut microbiota and intestinal permeability in rats

Recently, it has been suggested that the myocardial from ischemia reperfusion (I/R) injury is associated with intestinal flora. In the meanwhile, irisin have demonstrated beneficial effects on myocardial from I/R injury, thus increasing the interest in exploring its mechanism. In this context, the aim of this study is to investigate whether irisin interferes in gut microbiota and gut mucosal barrier during myocardial I/R injury. Then, it is found that irisin reduces the infiltration of inflammatory cells and fracture in myocardial tissue, the levels of myocardial enzyme and myocardial infarction area. What's more, our data indicate that irisin not only reverses I/R-induced gut dysbiosis, as indicated by the decreased abundance of Actinobacteriota and the increased abundance of Firmicutes, but also maintains intestinal barrier integrity, reduces metabolic endotoxemia, and inhibits the production of proinflammatory cytokines. In addition, the results of microbiome phenotype prediction by BugBase show that irisin treatment inhibits the gut microbiota biofilm forming and decrease endotoxin bearing Gram-negative bacteria levels. According to our data, it is seen that irisin could be a good candidate for ameliorating myocardial I/R injury and associated diseases through its alleviation of gut dysbiosis and endothelial dysfunction and anti-inflammatory properties.