Dataset of intracranial EEG, scalp EEG and beamforming sources from epilepsy patients performing a verbal working memory task

## Dataset of intracranial EEG, scalp EEG and beamforming sources from human epilepsy patients performing a verbal working memory task

#### Description
We present an electrophysiological dataset recorded from fifteen subjects during a verbal working memory task. Subjects were epilepsy patients undergoing intracranial monitoring for localization of epileptic seizures. Subjects performed a modified Sternberg task in which the encoding of memory items, maintenance, and recall were temporally separated. The dataset includes simultaneously recorded scalp EEG with the 10-20 system, intracranial EEG (iEEG) recorded with depth electrodes, waveforms, and the MNI coordinates and anatomical labels of all intracranial electrodes. The dataset includes also reconstructed virtual sensor data that were created by performing LCMV beamforming on the EEG at specific brain regions including, temporal superior lobe, lateral prefrontal cortex, occipital cortex, posterior parietal cortex, and Broca. Subject characteristics and information on sessions (set size, match/mismatch, correct/incorrect, response, response time for each trial) are also provided. This dataset enables the investigation of working memory by providing simultaneous scalp EEG and iEEG recordings, which can be used for connectivity analysis, alongside reconstructed beamforming EEG sources that can enable further cognitive analysis such as replay of memory items.

### Repository structure

### Main directory (verbal WM)

Contains metadata files in the BIDS standard about the participants and the study. Folders are explained below.

### Subfolders

- verbalWM/sub-/: Contains folders for each subject, named sub- and session information.
- verbalWM/sub-/ses-/ieeg/: Contains the raw iEEG data in .edf format for each subject. Each subject performed more than 1 working memory session (ses-0x) each of which includes ~50 trials. Each *ieeg.edf file contains continuous iEEG data during the working memory task. Details about the channels are given in the corresponding .tsv file. We also provide the information on the trial start and end in the events.tsv files by specifying the start and end sample of each trial.
- verbalWM/sub-/ses-/eeg/: Contains the raw EEG data in .edf format for each subject. Each subject performed more than 1 working memory session (ses-0x) each of which includes ~50 trials. Each *eeg.edf file contains continuous EEG data during the working memory task. Details about the channels are given in the corresponding .tsv file. We also provide the information on the trial start and end in the events.tsv files by specifying the start and end sample of each trial.
- verbalWM/derivatives/sub-/: Contains the LCMV beamforming sources during encoding and maintenance. The beamforming sources are in the form of virtual EEG sensors each of which corresponds to a specific brain region. The naming convention used for the virtual sensors is the following: DLPFC; dorsolateral pre-frontal cortex, OFC; orbitofrontal cortex, PPC; posterior parietal cortex, AC; auditory cortex, V1; primary visual cortex

### BIDS Conversion

bids-starter-kid and custom Matlab scripts were used to convert the dataset into BIDS format.

### References
[1] Dimakopoulos V, Megevand P, Stieglitz LH, Imbach L, Sarnthein J. Information flows from hippocampus to auditory cortex during replay of verbal working memory items. Elife 2022;11. 10.7554/eLife.78677

[2] Boran E, Fedele T, Klaver P, Hilfiker P, Stieglitz L, Grunwald T, et al. Persistent hippocampal neural firing and hippocampal-cortical coupling predict verbal working memory load. Science Advances 2019;5(3):eaav3687. 10.1126/sciadv.aav3687

[3] Boran E, Fedele T, Steiner A, Hilfiker P, Stieglitz L, Grunwald T, et al. Dataset of human medial temporal lobe neurons, scalp and intracranial EEG during a verbal working memory task. Scientific Data 2020;7(1):30. 10.1038/s41597-020-0364-3

执行语言工作记忆任务的人类癫痫患者颅内脑电图、头皮脑电图及波束成形源数据集

#### 数据集说明
本数据集收录了15名受试者在执行语言工作记忆任务时记录的电生理数据。受试者均为因定位癫痫发作灶而接受颅内电极监测的癫痫患者。受试者完成了改良版斯滕伯格任务，该任务将记忆项编码、信息维持与回忆三个阶段在时间维度上进行了分离。
本数据集包含同步采集的采用国际10-20电极放置系统的头皮脑电图（scalp EEG）、通过深部电极记录的颅内脑电图（intracranial EEG, iEEG）、脑电波形，以及所有颅内电极的MNI坐标与解剖学标签。本数据集还包含通过对特定脑区的脑电信号进行LCMV波束成形（LCMV beamforming）处理得到的重构虚拟传感器数据，所覆盖的脑区包括颞上叶、外侧前额叶皮层、枕叶皮层、后顶叶皮层以及布洛卡区（Broca）。此外还提供了受试者特征信息，以及各实验时段的相关参数，包括每一试次的记忆集大小、匹配/非匹配状态、正确/错误反应情况、反应结果与反应时。
本数据集同时提供头皮脑电图与颅内脑电图记录，可用于脑连接分析；搭配重构的波束成形脑电源数据，还可开展记忆项复述等更深层次的认知相关研究，为工作记忆的相关研究提供支持。

### 仓库结构
#### 主目录（verbal WM，语言工作记忆）
该目录包含遵循脑成像数据结构（Brain Imaging Data Structure, BIDS）的受试者与研究相关元数据文件，各子文件夹说明如下。

#### 子文件夹
- `verbalWM/sub-/`：包含每个受试者的对应文件夹，命名格式为sub-加受试者与实验时段信息。
- `verbalWM/sub-/ses-/ieeg/`：存储每个受试者的原始颅内脑电图数据，格式为EDF。每位受试者完成了至少1次语言工作记忆任务实验时段（ses-0x，x为序号），每个时段包含约50个试次。每个`*ieeg.edf`文件包含任务期间的连续颅内脑电图数据，电极通道的详细信息见对应TSV文件。我们还通过`events.tsv`文件记录了每个试次的起始与结束采样点，以标注试次的起止时间。
- `verbalWM/sub-/ses-/eeg/`：存储每个受试者的原始头皮脑电图数据，格式为EDF。每位受试者完成了至少1次语言工作记忆任务实验时段（ses-0x，x为序号），每个时段包含约50个试次。每个`*eeg.edf`文件包含任务期间的连续头皮脑电图数据，电极通道的详细信息见对应TSV文件。我们还通过`events.tsv`文件记录了每个试次的起始与结束采样点，以标注试次的起止时间。
- `verbalWM/derivatives/sub-/`：存储编码与维持阶段的LCMV波束成形源数据。该波束成形源数据以虚拟脑电传感器的形式呈现，每个传感器对应一个特定脑区。虚拟传感器的命名规则如下：DLPFC（背外侧前额叶皮层，dorsolateral prefrontal cortex）、OFC（眶额皮层，orbitofrontal cortex）、PPC（后顶叶皮层，posterior parietal cortex）、AC（听觉皮层，auditory cortex）、V1（初级视觉皮层，primary visual cortex）。

### BIDS格式转换
本数据集通过bids-starter-kid工具与自定义Matlab脚本转换为BIDS格式。

### 参考文献
[1] Dimakopoulos V, Megevand P, Stieglitz LH, Imbach L, Sarnthein J. 言语工作记忆项复述阶段海马向听觉皮层的信息流. eLife, 2022, 11. DOI: 10.7554/eLife.78677
[2] Boran E, Fedele T, Klaver P, Hilfiker P, Stieglitz L, Grunwald T, et al. 持续性海马神经元放电与海马-皮层耦合可预测言语工作记忆负荷. Science Advances, 2019, 5(3): eaav3687. DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aav3687
[3] Boran E, Fedele T, Steiner A, Hilfiker P, Stieglitz L, Grunwald T, et al. 言语工作记忆任务期间人类内侧颞叶神经元、头皮与颅内脑电图数据集. Scientific Data, 2020, 7(1): 30. DOI: 10.1038/s41597-020-0364-3

搜集汇总

背景与挑战

背景概述

该数据集收录了15名癫痫患者在言语工作记忆任务中的颅内EEG、头皮EEG及波束形成源数据，包含详细的电极位置和任务设计信息，适用于认知神经科学研究。