Mountain's ecological and evolutionary variables

Aim.  High levels of species richness in mountains are associated with their hypothetical roles as cradles and/or museums of diversity but the generality of these roles remains unknown. To fill this gap, we tested these two hypotheses at a global scale and assessed the direct and indirect effects of abiotic regional features on the variation of montane amphibian richness worldwide.

Location. Global

Time period: Last 300 million years

Major taxa studied. Amphibians

Methods. Using an amphibian phylogeny containing 7238 species, along with species distribution and climatic data, we estimated species richness, speciation rates, evolutionary time, terrain roughness, area, and climatic stability for 514 of the world's mountain ranges. Then, we evaluated the direct and indirect effects of these variables on richness patterns across these mountains using structural equation models.

Results. We found that most diverse mountain ranges for amphibians are concentrated in the Neotropi...