Leukemic cells infiltrate the ovaries without damaging ovarian reserve in an acute myeloid leukemia mouse model

In this study, we used an acute myeloid leukemia (AML) mouse model to explore leukemia's impact on ovarian function. Leukemic cells infiltrated the ovaries, particularly the stromal regions and granulosa layers of antral follicles, while also being present in the spleen and liver. Despite this infiltration, ovarian structure, follicular counts, and primordial follicle reserves were largely preserved, with the notable absence of corpus luteum indicating impaired ovulation. Furthermore, leukemic infiltration induced inflammatory cytokines TNF-α and COX-2, potentially influencing ovarian health.