Mechanical and metabolic consequences of sagittal trunk lean angle in walking – A dynamic walking perspective

Bipedal walking requires a balance of muscle work and energy losses, with models indicating that powering gait with ankle push-off is more energetically economical than powering with hip joint work. This study investigates how varying trunk lean angle affects joint mechanics and energy expenditure during walking. We hypothesized that leaning forward would increase hip work, reduce ankle push-off, and increase energy consumption, and leaning backward would have complementary effects. Healthy young adults walked at 1.3 m/s while adjusting their trunk angles from backward 15° to forward 60° using visual feedback from a chest-mounted inertial motion sensor. Center of mass mechanics and lower-body joint mechanics were estimated using motion capture and force treadmill measurements, alongside metabolic rate using respirometry. With forward trunk lean, center of mass (COM) work became more negative during collisions, increased in the middle of stance phase, and was reduced in push-off. At the ..., Human subjects (healthy young adults) walked on a treadmill at 1.3 m/s with their trunk inclined to different controlled sagittal angles (-15, 0, 15, 30, 45, 60 degrees forward of their customary walking posture). We measured oxygen consumption, motion capture, and ground reaction forces, and computed energy expenditure and biomechanical outcomes to determine the relationship between hip and ankle work across conditions and other accompanying biomechanical phenomena. For further details refer to the methods in the associated paper., , # Mechanical and metabolic consequences of sagittal trunk lean angle in walking – A dynamic walking perspective

Dataset DOI: [10.5061/dryad.95x69p8w3](10.5061/dryad.95x69p8w3)

## Description of the data and file structure

Human metabolic rate and lower-body biomechanics of walking with varying trunk lean angle.

This data set contains gait analysis data (motion capture, n=10) and energy expenditure data (n=12) for healthy young adults walking on an instrumented treadmill at a speed of 1.3 m/s with trunk lean angle targets of -15, 0, 15, 30, 45, and 60 degrees forward relative to their normal walking posture.

Participants were allocated numbers based on the overall dataset for all code and participants

All participants (1-12) were analyzed for metabolic rate.
Participant numbers analyzed for motion capture include: 1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, and 12. Subjects 4 and 11 were excluded from the motion capture data set due to poor motion capture data quality.

There is also a data set of..., We received explicit consent from your participants to publish the de-identified data in the public domain. We deidentified the data by assigning the subjects sequential integers. There is no further identifying information besides age, weight, and sex.