Immersive Virtual Reality for Myoelectric Prostheses Training: Home Feasibility Trial

Myoelectric prostheses (MEPs) offer significant benefits to individuals with amputations by enabling more natural and intuitive control. However, accepting and mastering MEPs control remains a challenge. The learning process is often lengthy and painful, requiring users to adapt to complex and extensive training. Factors such as device weight, discomfort, lack of sensory feedback, and psychological adjustment contribute to a high rate of MEPs discontinued use. Immersive Virtual Reality (IVR) offers a unique approach to prosthesis training, allowing patients to practice in a safe, engaging and controlled environment before the fitting.
This study investigated the feasibility of a co-designed, home-based IVR training program for MEPs users through a clinical trial conducted at two sites, involving seven individuals with upper limb amputations aged 17 to 59 (M = 40.86, SD = 15.67). Qualitative data on the training protocol and design constraints were collected from Public and Patient Involvement (PPI) representatives and clinicians during the co-design process. Usability, acceptability, and engagement were collected from participants and Occupational Therapists (OTs), along with quantitative assessments of motivation, quality of life, and functional use of the MEPs at baseline, post-training, and follow-up, which informed the evaluation in two hospitals.
The trial revealed that participants found the training enjoyable and engaging, although design improvements are necessary to further enhance system usability and accessibility. Future deployment will focus on improving the system's user-friendliness and streamlining the onboarding process for participants and OTs. By enabling effective home-based training, this IVR system has demonstrated strong potential to reduce hospital visits, support early functional recovery, and improve long-term prosthesis adoption.