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This study conducted a 12-year nitrogen addition experiment in a boreal forest, setting up control, low, medium, and high nitrogen gradients, and combined seasonal dynamics to explore the impact on soil fauna communities. It was found that low and medium nitrogen promoted the abundance and richness of soil fauna, while high nitrogen inhibited them. Different functional groups responded differently: detritivorous and predatory groups were sensitive to high nitrogen, while herbivorous and omnivorous groups proliferated under low and medium nitrogen. Community indices were highest in autumn and lowest in spring; the interaction between nitrogen and season affected detritivorous animals. Soil nutrients, moisture, plant communities, and microbial biomass carbon were key driving factors. The conclusion is that moderate nitrogen is beneficial to community stability, while excessive nitrogen is not, providing a basis for nitrogen deposition management in boreal forests.