LCA Battery SimuPlat Dataset

Under the carbon neutrality targets and sustainable development goals, springing up and emergingly increasing needs on batteries are in buildings and electric vehicles (EVs). However, embodied carbon in raw materials, manufacture and assembling processes impose dialectical viewpoints on whether electrochemical battery is environmentally. In this article, a multi-energy district community with energy paradigm transformations towards decentralisation, renewable and sustainability has been studied, with multi-directional V2X interaction and lifecycle battery circular economy. General approaches are proposed to quantify the lifecycle carbon intensity of batteries, including both embodied carbon and carbon emission in sophisticated operating stages. Afterwards, the approach is generalized and scalable to quantify the lifecycle battery carbon intensity within zero-energy communities. Pathways for zero-carbon transformation are proposed to guide the economic feasibility on energy, social and governance investment behaviours. Results show that lifecycle zero-carbon battery can be achieved under: 1) energy paradigm shifting from the net-zero towards the positive; 2) V2B/B2V interaction; 3) EV battery cascade utilization; 4) battery circular economy, with sustainability and economic benefits in various climate regions. This study proposes a general approach for lifecycle battery carbon intensity quantification, and scales down the approach across the world for sustainable pathways transition on zero-carbon batteries and carbon-neutral communities.