Integrated transcriptome and metabolome dynamics with phenotypic traits reveal regulatory basis of male morphotype differentiation in giant freshwater prawn Macrobrachium rosenbergii

This integrated multi-omics resource delineates the molecular and phenotypic trajectories underlying male morphotype differentiation (Blue Claw [BC], Orange Claw [OC], Small Male [SM]) in macrobrachium rosenbergii during determinative developmental stages (100, 110, and 120 days post-stocking). The dataset comprises paired testicular transcriptomic profiles, hemolymph serum metabolomes, and quantitative morphological trait data (15 key metrics), thereby establishing a holistic framework capturing concurrent gene expression dynamics, metabolic flux alterations, and phenotypic manifestations throughout morphotype specification. The synergistic integration of these multidimensional layers enables mechanistic dissection of regulatory networks governing crustacean growth polymorphism, facilitates identification of heritable biomarkers associated with commercially advantageous morphotypes, and provides foundational insights into arthropod phenotypic plasticity.