Genome wide sequencing analysis of primary cardiomyocytes treated with all-trans retinoic acid

The retinoic acid (RA) signaling pathway is essential for cardiac development; however, cardiomyocytes, the main cell type of the heart, are considered to be unresposive to RA signaling. The goal of this study was to examine the effects of all-trans RA (atRA) treatment on cardiomyocytes isolated from E18.5 mouse embryos. We found that cardiomyocytes, contrary to previous findings, are indeed repsonsive to RA signaling and that many genes involved in cardiac developmental and repair processes were significantly deregulated upon atRA trearment. These findings have important implications for the heart development and regeneration fields. Transcriptional profiles of primary murine E18.5 cardiomyocytes treated with atRA or DMSO for 48 hours. Four biological replicates per treatment.