十大功勞分類之研究

本計畫旨在解決台灣原生十大功勞植物分類的問題。本研究利用葉綠體非編碼區(non-coding region) DNAtrnL-trnF, 與atpB-rbcL兩段序列，及核醣體ITS1-5.8S-ITS2三段序列分析之結果，確定日本十大功勞、竹子山十大功勞、阿里山十大功勞、奮起湖十大功勞（新稱）及梅峰十大功勞（新稱）為五個獨立的種。且在atpB-rbcL區域中，可利用獨有的分子標記進行鑑定分析。其中，日本十大功勞在日本為栽培種，台灣不產；竹子山十大功勞分布北部一帶山區與日本十大功勞不同；阿里山十大功勞分布中海拔山區特徵明顯容易辨識；奮起湖族群以及梅峰族群確定為兩種新種植物。五種十大功勞在形態上花、果及小葉的對數及形狀可資區別。This project aims to resolve the taxonomic classification issue of native Mahonia species in Taiwan. By analyzing sequences from two chloroplast non-coding DNA regions (trnL-trnF and atpB-rbcL) and three segments within the nuclear ribosomal ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 region, this study confirms that Mahonia japonica, Mahonia from Zhuzhushan, Mahonia from Alishan, Fenqihu Mahonia (newly designated name), and Meifeng Mahonia (newly designated name) are five distinct species. Moreover, species identification can be conducted using species-specific molecular markers within the atpB-rbcL region. Specifically, Mahonia japonica is a cultivated species in Japan and is not native to Taiwan; Mahonia from Zhuzhushan is distributed in mountainous areas of northern Taiwan, with a distribution range distinct from that of Mahonia japonica; Mahonia from Alishan inhabits mid-elevation mountainous areas, bearing prominent traits that facilitate easy identification; and the Fenqihu and Meifeng populations are confirmed as two new plant species. The five Mahonia species can be distinguished by their morphological characteristics, such as the number and shape of their flowers, fruits, and leaflets.