Data_Sheet_2_“Help! I Need Somebody”: Music as a Global Resource for Obtaining Wellbeing Goals in Times of Crisis.docx

Music can reduce stress and anxiety, enhance positive mood, and facilitate social bonding. However, little is known about the role of music and related personal or cultural (individualistic vs. collectivistic) variables in maintaining wellbeing during times of stress and social isolation as imposed by the COVID-19 crisis. In an online questionnaire, administered in 11 countries (Argentina, Brazil, China, Colombia, Italy, Mexico, the Netherlands, Norway, Spain, the UK, and USA, N = 5,619), participants rated the relevance of wellbeing goals during the pandemic, and the effectiveness of different activities in obtaining these goals. Music was found to be the most effective activity for three out of five wellbeing goals: enjoyment, venting negative emotions, and self-connection. For diversion, music was equally good as entertainment, while it was second best to create a sense of togetherness, after socialization. This result was evident across different countries and gender, with minor effects of age on specific goals, and a clear effect of the importance of music in people's lives. Cultural effects were generally small and surfaced mainly in the use of music to obtain a sense of togetherness. Interestingly, culture moderated the use of negatively valenced and nostalgic music for those higher in distress.

音乐能够缓解压力与焦虑，提升正面情绪，并促进社交联结。然而，关于音乐及其相关个人或文化变量（如个人主义与集体主义）在应对COVID-19疫情引发的应激与社交孤立时期维持身心健康所扮演的角色，目前所知甚少。在一个在线问卷中，该问卷在11个国家（阿根廷、巴西、中国、哥伦比亚、意大利、墨西哥、荷兰、挪威、西班牙、英国和美国）进行，参与者对疫情期间身心健康目标的相关性以及不同活动实现这些目标的有效性进行了评估。研究发现，在五个身心健康目标中有三个目标，音乐被证明是最有效的活动：享受、宣泄负面情绪和自我联结。对于消遣而言，音乐与娱乐同等有效，而在营造归属感方面，音乐仅次于社交活动。这一结果在不同国家和地区以及性别上均有所体现，年龄对特定目标的影响微乎其微，而音乐在人们生活中的重要性具有显著影响。文化影响通常较小，主要表现在通过音乐获得归属感的使用上。有趣的是，对于处于更高压力水平的人来说，文化调节了负面情绪和怀旧音乐的运用。