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Defective HDR through Homologous Recombination Repair (HRR) due to PALB2 loss of BRCA2/RAD51/RAD51C binding function

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reactome.org2025-01-16 收录
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Mutations affecting the C-terminal WD40 domain of PALB2 (amino acids 853-1186) impair its ability to interact with BRCA2, RAD51 and/or RAD51C (Erkko et al. 2007, Park et al. 2014). In addition, disruption of the WD40 domain can lead to the exposure of the nuclear export signal (NES) and cytoplasmic translocation of PALB2 (Pauty et al. 2017). Mutations affecting the C-terminal domain of PALB2 are more frequent than mutations that affect the N-terminus and have been observed, as germline mutations, in familial breast cancer and in Fanconi anemia, but somatic mutations also occur in sporadic cancers. Cells that express PALB2 mutants defective in BRCA2, RAD51 and/or RAD51C binding show reduced ability to perform DSBR via homologous recombination repair, form fewer RAD51 foci at DSBR sites, and are sensitive to DNA crosslinking agents such as mitomycin C (Erkko et al. 2007, Park et al. 2014).

影响 PALB2 蛋白 C 端 WD40 结构域(氨基酸 853-1186)的突变会损害其与 BRCA2、RAD51 及/或 RAD51C 的相互作用能力(Erkko 等,2007年;Park 等,2014年)。此外,WD40 结构域的破坏可能导致核输出信号(NES)的暴露以及 PALB2 在细胞质中的转位(Pauty 等,2017年)。相较于影响 N 端的突变,影响 C 端结构域的突变更为常见,且已被观测到作为种系突变存在于家族性乳腺癌和范可尼贫血中,但体细胞突变亦见于散发性癌症。表达缺陷性 BRCA2、RAD51 及/或 RAD51C 结合的 PALB2 突变体的细胞,在通过同源重组修复进行双链断裂修复(DSBR)的能力降低,在 DSBR 位点形成的 RAD51 焦点减少,并对 DNA 交联剂如丝裂霉素 C 敏感(Erkko 等,2007年;Park 等,2014年)。
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