2008 Environmental Performance Index (EPI)

The 2008 Environmental Performance Index (EPI) centers on two broad environmental protection objectives: (1) reducing environmental stresses on human health, and (2) promoting ecosystem vitality and sound natural resource management. Derived from a careful review of the environmental literature, these twin goals mirror the priorities expressed by policymakers. Environmental health and ecosystem vitality are gauged using 25 indicators tracked in six well-established policy categories: Environmental Health (Environmental Burden of Disease, Water, and Air Pollution), Air Pollution (effects on ecosystems), Water (effects on ecosystems), Biodiversity and Habitat, Productive Natural Resources (Forestry, Fisheries, and Agriculture), and Climate Change. The 2008 EPI utilizes a proximity-to-target methodology in which performance on each indicator is rated on a 0 to 100 scale (100 represents �at target�). By identifying specific targets and measuring how close each country comes to them, the EPI provides a foundation for policy analysis and a context for evaluating performance. Issue-by-issue and aggregate rankings facilitate cross-country comparisons both globally and within relevant peer groups. The 2008 EPI is the result of collaboration among the Yale Center for Environmental Law and Policy (YCELP), Columbia University Center for International Earth Science Information Network (CIESIN), World Economic Forum (WEF), and the Joint Research Centre (JRC), European Commission.

2008年环境绩效指数（EPI）聚焦于两大环境保护目标：（1）减轻环境对人类健康的压力，以及（2）促进生态系统活力和自然资源管理的健全。该指数源于对环境文献的细致审查，这两大目标与政策制定者所表达的优先事项相呼应。环境健康和生态系统活力通过六个确立的政策类别中的25个指标进行衡量：环境健康（疾病负担、水资源和空气污染）、空气污染（对生态系统的影响）、水资源（对生态系统的影响）、生物多样性和栖息地、生产性自然资源（林业、渔业和农业）以及气候变化。2008年EPI采用了接近目标的评估方法，其中每个指标的绩效评定在0至100分的尺度上（100分代表“达到目标”）。通过确定具体目标和衡量各国与之的接近程度，EPI为政策分析提供了基础，并为评估绩效提供了背景。按问题分析和综合排名促进了全球及相关同行群体间的跨国家比较。2008年EPI是由耶鲁环境法律与政策中心（YCELP）、哥伦比亚大学国际地球科学信息网络中心（CIESIN）、世界经济论坛（WEF）和欧洲委员会联合研究机构（JRC）共同协作的结果。