Baseline and follow up characteristics of 5730 study participants.

25(OH)D, 25-hydroxyvitamin D; HOMA-IR, homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance; LDL-cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; nmol/L, nanomoles per liter; μmol/L, micro moles per liter; μIU/mL, micro international units per liter; mmol/L, millimoles per liter; SD, standard deviation; IQR, interquartile range; BMI, body mass index.a Insulin resistance was defined as HOMA-IR ≥ 2.73b Percentage for these variables do not include missing observationsc Hypertension was defined as blood pressure ≥140/90 mm Hg, or a self-report of taking antihypertensive medicationsd Elevated LDL-cholesterol was defined as LDL-cholesterol concentration ≥2.6 nmol/L.Baseline and follow up characteristics of 5730 study participants.