Spatial biodiversity indicators and a composite index for conservation prioritization in Switzerland

We present a 25-meter resolution dataset for Switzerland, encompassing three key biodiversity indicators—Complementarity, Extinction Risk, and Ecological Connectivity—developed across 17 major taxonomic groups, using habitat suitability maps for approximately 7,500 individual species. These three indicators capture (1) the contribution of landscapes to taxonomic, functional, and phylogenetic diversity, (2) species vulnerability to extinction and (3) ecological connectivity. Outputs are provided for both terrestrial and aquatic realms, including versions adjusted for species richness, and integrated into composite indices. The preprint documenting this dataset can be found at: https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2025.06.10.657334v1 File: CH3Div_all_aqua_terr.zip This archive provides 25-m resolution raster objects (.tif files) for the three key biodiversity indicators: Complementarity (CI), Extinction Risk (ERI), and Ecological Connectivity (ECI), as well as their composite versions (adjusted and unadjusted for species richness) at the aggregate level for all taxonomic group combined, terrestrial and aquatic. See the companion manuscript for technical details and the aggregation scheme. File: CH3Div_individual_taxa.zip This archive provides 25-m resolution raster objects (.tif files) for the three key biodiversity indicators: Complementarity (CI), Extinction Risk (ERI), and Ecological Connectivity (ECI), as well as their composite versions (adjusted and unadjusted for species richness) at the taxonomic group level. See the companion manuscript for technical details and the aggregation scheme. File: CH3Div_pa_simulations.zip This archive provides 100-m resolution raster objects (.tif files) for simulated protected area networks under Current (13%) and Target (30%) scenarios. The simulation produced a classification in which each pixel was assigned to one of three categories: (1) unprotected areas, which remained unprotected under the scenario; (2) protected areas, which were already part of the network; and (3) extended protected areas, which were newly added to meet the scenario target. This classification was produced for both the “current” and “target” scenarios, using the composite index in both its species richness-adjusted and unadjusted versions. See Appendix S3 of the companion manuscript for additional technical details and the R code used for these simulations.