Phylogenomic insights from the complete chloroplast genome of Phyllostachys lithophila (poaceae: bambusoideae: arundinarieae) in Taiwan

Phyllostachys lithophila Hayata 1916 is a unique bamboo species endemic to Taiwan, typically found at elevations ranging from 500 to 1,500 meters. This study provides a detailed analysis of the complete chloroplast genome of P. lithophila for the first time. The genome spans 139,664 base pairs (bp) and consists of a large single-copy (LSC) region of 83,192 bp, a small single-copy (SSC) region of 12,869 bp, and two inverted repeat (IR) regions, each 21,798 bp in length. The plastid genome encodes a total of 129 genes, including 83 protein-coding genes, 38 transfer RNA (tRNA) genes, and 8 ribosomal RNA (rRNA) genes. Phylogenetic analysis confirms that P. lithophila shares a closer phylogenetic relationship with species of Phyllostachys within the Arundinarieae tribe, while being phylogenetically distinct from the morphologically similar P. makinoi.