黑河上游SWAT模型数据集

该数据包括了SWAT模型运行所需要的基础地形数据、土壤数据、气象数据、土地利用/地面覆盖数据等。所有的图件和相关的点位坐标（气象站，水文站）都采用了和我国基础地形图相一致的高斯－克吕格投影的坐标体系。数据内容包括： a) 基础地形数据包括流域数字高程模型（DEM）和流域河网。DEM格网的大小为50*50m，流域河网是从1:10万地形图上将水系手工数字化得到。 b) 土壤数据：包括土壤物理、土壤化学和土壤类型空间分布资料。数字土壤图比例尺为1:100万，将其转为ESRI 的grid格式，格网大小为50*50m。每个土壤剖面可以最多分到10层。模型要求的土壤质地采样指标采用了美制标准。参数来自全国第二次土壤普查数据以及来自相关文献。 c) 气象数据： (1) 气温：日最高气温，日最低气温，风速，相对湿度的数据来源于流域内部和周边地区祁连、山丹、托勒、野牛沟、张掖五个气象站的逐日观测资料，时段为1999～2001年。 (2) 降水：雨量数据来源于流域内部和周边地区俄博（1990~1996）、肃南（1990~2000）、祁连（1990~2000）、莺落峡（1990~2000）、札马什克（1990~2000）5个水文站以及山丹（1999~2001）、托勒（1999~2001）、野牛沟（1999~2001）、张掖（1999~2001）、祁连县（1999~2001）4个气象站的逐日观测资料。 (3) 风速、相对湿度：风速、相对湿度来源于山丹、托勒、野牛沟、张掖、祁连县5个气象站的逐日观测资料。时段为1999~2001。 (4) 太阳辐射：太阳辐射没有相应的观测数据，由模型模拟产生。 d) 土地利用/地面覆盖：1995年土地利用数据，比例尺为1:10万。将其转为ESRI的grid格式，格网大小为50*50m。 e) 气象数据模拟工具（weather generator）数据库：SWAT模型的气象数据模拟工具可以在没有实际日观测数据的情况下，根据多年逐月统计资料模拟计算出模型运行所需要的逐日气象输入数据，也可进行观测资料不全时的插补。气象数据来自周边气象站。This dataset includes basic topographic data, soil data, meteorological data, land use/land cover data, and other necessary inputs for the SWAT model. All maps and relevant point coordinates (meteorological stations, hydrological stations) adopt the Gauss-Krüger projection coordinate system consistent with China’s basic topographic maps. The specific data contents are as follows: a) Basic topographic data: Includes the basin Digital Elevation Model (DEM) and the basin river network. The DEM grid size is 50m×50m, and the river network was manually digitized from 1:100,000-scale topographic maps. b) Soil data: Covers spatial distribution data of soil physical properties, soil chemical properties, and soil types. The digital soil map has a scale of 1:1,000,000, and is converted to ESRI Grid format with a grid size of 50m×50m. Each soil profile can be divided into up to 10 layers. The soil texture sampling indicators required by the model follow the US standard, and the parameters are sourced from the Second National Soil Survey of China and relevant literature. c) Meteorological data: (1) Air temperature: Data on daily maximum temperature, daily minimum temperature, wind speed, and relative humidity are derived from daily observation records of five meteorological stations (Qilian, Shandan, Tole, Yeniugou, Zhangye) within and around the basin, covering the period from 1999 to 2001. (2) Precipitation: Rainfall data is sourced from daily observation records of 5 hydrological stations (Ebo (1990–1996), Sunan (1990–2000), Qilian (1990–2000), Yingluoxia (1990–2000), Zhamashike (1990–2000)) and 4 meteorological stations (Shandan (1999–2001), Tole (1999–2001), Yeniugou (1999–2001), Zhangye (1999–2001), Qilian County (1999–2001)) within and around the basin. (3) Wind speed and relative humidity: Data on wind speed and relative humidity are derived from daily observation records of five meteorological stations (Shandan, Tole, Yeniugou, Zhangye, Qilian County), covering the period from 1999 to 2001. (4) Solar radiation: No corresponding observed data is available for solar radiation, so it is generated via model simulation. d) Land use/land cover: The 1995 land use data has a scale of 1:100,000, and is converted to ESRI Grid format with a grid size of 50m×50m. e) Meteorological data generator database: The meteorological data generator for the SWAT model can simulate the daily meteorological input data required for model operation based on multi-year monthly statistical data when actual daily observation data is unavailable, and can also conduct interpolation for cases with incomplete observation data. The meteorological data used here is sourced from surrounding meteorological stations.

搜集汇总

背景与挑战

背景概述

该数据集是专为SWAT模型设计的黑河上游区域综合地理环境数据集合，包含基础地形、土壤、气象和土地利用等多类数据，时间范围覆盖1990年代至2000年代初。所有数据采用高斯-克吕格投影坐标体系，格网分辨率为50*50米，支持水文模型模拟与分析。