Diurnal and geographic variations of pollinator importance for Cucurbita maxima Duchesne

# Diurnal and geographical variations of pollinator importance for Cucurbita maxima Duchesne Data of Flower visiting insects of C. maxima and of reproductive output of the plants ## Description of the data and file structure Our data consists of six files. 1\. "Captured_number_of_bees.csv" 2\. "Pollen_loads_on_bees.csv" 3\. "Insect_bidy_size.csv" 4\. "Squash_fruit_set.csv" 5\. "Squash_yield.csv" 6\. "Behaviours_on_squash_flowers.csv" \######################################################### Data specific information \######################################################### 1\. Captured number of bees.csv\ "Captured number of bees.csv" is a list of collected bees in the regular surveys.\ Number of variables: 9\ Number of rows: 597\ Variable list (data type): * area (category), showing the prefectures of the sites (i.e., Ibaraki, Kagoshima, or Mie). * collection_day (category), showing the date when the surveys of bees were conducted. * time.span (continuous), showing the period when the bees were collected. The unit in this variable is the hours in 12 o'clock. For example, "9" means AM9:00-9:59. * plot (category), showing the identities of plots of each site. it includes 1-10, A, B, C, M, N, and S. * flower_sex (category), showing the sex of each flower. "F" means "female", and "M" means "male". * Apis.cerana (continuous), showing the number of Apis cerana captured at the focal period. * Apis.mellifera (continuous), showing the number of Apis mellifera captured at the focal period. * Bombus.diversus (continuous), showing the number of Bombus diversus divursus captured at the focal period. * Halictid.bees (continuous), showing the number of Halictid bees captured at the focal period. Note: The number in "time span" shows the hours in 12 o'clock. For example, "9" means AM9:00-9:59. More detailed informations are explained in the manuscript. \######################################################### 2\. Pollen_loads_on_bees.csv "Pollen loads on_bees_2019.csv" is a list of collected bees and their pollen loads. Number of variables: 8 Number of rows: 279 Variable list (data type): * taxonomic.groups (category), showing identities of bees (i.e., Apis cerana, Apis mellifera, Bombus diversus, or Halictid bees). * area(category), showing the prefectures of the sites (i.e., Ibaraki, Kagoshima, or Mie). * collection_day (category), showing the date when the surveys of bees were conducted. * time.span (continuous), showing the time span when the bees were collected. The unit in this variable is the hours in 12 o'clock. For example, "9" means AM9:00-9:59. * plot (category), showing the identities of plots of each site. it includes 1-10, A, B, C, M, N, S, and other. * flower_sex (category), showing the sex of each flower. "F" means "female", and "M" means "male". * ID (category), showing the identities of each specimen. * pollen (continuous), showing the number of pollen adhered to each bee's body. Note: The number in "time span" shows the hours in 12 o'clock. For example, "9" means AM9:00-9:59. More detailed informations are explained in the manuscript. The bees were mainly collected in the regular survey. However, in Kagoshima, we supplementary collected the bees in the squash farm, irrespective of plots to increase sample size. In such a case, we described the plot ID as "other". \######################################################### 3\. "Insect_bidy_size.csv" "insect body size.csv" is about the body size of collected insects, and whether the individuals could pass through the bags of different mesh sizes. Number of variables: 7 Number of rows: 94 Variable list (data type): * area (category), showing the prefectures of the sites (i.e., Ibaraki, Kagoshima, or Mie). * ID (category) showing the identities of each specimen. * Taxonomic_groups (category), showing the taxonomic identities of each spesimen. It includes below; Apis cerana, Apis mellifera,\ Beatle, Bombus diversus, Bombus ignitus, Carpenter bees, Diptera, Eucera nipponensis, flower chafer, Halictid bees, Micro wasp, Scolid bees, and Syrphidae. * Cheast_width (continuous), showing the width (mm) of cheast of each specimen. * Cheast_height (continuous), showing the height (mm) of cheast of each specimen. * coase_mesh (continuous), showing whether the specimen could pass through the coase mesh. * fine_mesh (continuous), showing whether the specimen could pass through the fine mesh. Note: Empty cells (i.e., no data) were replaced by "null". In variables coase_mesh and fine_mesh, the sample that could pass through the mesh were represented by "1" , while that could not were represnted by "0" \######################################################### 4\. "Squash_fruit_set.csv" This file is about whether the experimental flowers could set fruit or not. Number of variables: 4 Number of rows: 127 Variable list (data type): * Fruiting.result (continuous), showing the experimental flowers could set fruit. * Flower.treatment (category), showing the experimental treatment of each flower. * Area (category), showing the prefectures of the sites (i.e., Ibaraki, Kagoshima, or Mie). * Flowering.Day (category), showing the date the focal experimental flower had bloomed. Note: "Flower.treatment" includes alpabets, A, B, C, D and E. These charaters correspond to non-woven bag, fine mesh, coase mesh, open, supplementary hand-pollination, in this order. "Fruiting. result" includes 0 and 1. 0 means the flower could not set fruit, while 1 could. \######################################################### 5\. "Squash_yield.csv" This file is about fruit weight and seed numbers of the experimental fruits. Number of variables: 5 Number of rows: 44 Variable list (data type): * Fruit.weight.g. (continuous), showing gram of the fruit. * Mature.seed.number (continuous), showing the number of seeds per fruit. * Flower.treatment (category), showing the experimental treatment of each flower. * Area (category), showing the prefectures of the sites (i.e., Ibaraki, Kagoshima, or Mie). * Flowering.Day (category), showing the date the focal experimental flower had bloomed. Note: "Flower.treatment" includes alpabets, D and E. These charaters correspond to open and supplementary hand-pollination, respectively. Unit of measures of fruit.weight.g. is gram. \######################################################### 6\. "Behaviours_on_squash_flowers.csv" This data is about behaviors of flower-visiting insects and whether the insects touched stigmas or not. Number of variables: 12 Number of rows: 832 Variable list (data type): * taxa (category), showing the taxonomic identies of obsereved insects. * flower_sex (category), the sex of the flower that insects visited. "F" means "female", and "M" means "male" * nectar (continuous), showing whether the obsereved insect fed on nectar. * pollen (continuous), showing whether the obsereved insect fed on pollen. * wandering (continuous), showing whether the obsereved insect wondered the flower. * unknown (continuous) is the variable for when obserevers could not identify the behaviours of insects. * stigma_contact (continuous), showing whether the obsereved insects touched stigma or not. * area (category), showing the prefectures of the sites (i.e., Ibaraki, Kagoshima, or Mie) * date (category), showing the date that the observations were conducted. * male (continuous), showing the number of male flowers that observers observed at the same time, in the observation trial. * female (continuous), showing the number of female flowers that observers observed at the same time, in the observation trial. * time_dur_m (continuous), showing the observation timing divided by each of 30 minutes. For example, 7.5 indicates the observation was started during 7:21-7:50, and 8 indicates that was during 7:51-8:20. Note: In the variables of "nectar"," pollen", "wandering", and "unknown", 1 means the insect did the focal categorized behavior, and "0" means it did not. "Behaviours_on_squash_flowers.csv" is the original data of Fig. 1 and Fig. 3. Empty cells mean no information.Details of the definition of each behavior were explained in the manuscript. ## Code/Software Software R 4.2.0 Packages * glmmTMB * DHARMa * VGAM * tidyverse * emmeans * ggplot2 * ggeffect