Data for: Cholinergic activity during probabilistic Pavlovian conditioning in mice

Cholinergic activity was monitored while mice performed a probabilistic Pavlovian conditioning task. Mice were headfixed and listened to auditory stimuli of different frequency, which signaled either likely reward and unlikely punishment, or likely punishment and unlikely reward. Cholinergic activity was measured in two ways. First, bulk calcium imaging of cholinergic neurons was performed by fiber photometry. Second, extracellular electrophysiology recordings were performed and optogenetic tagging was used to identify cholinergic neurons in task-performing mice. This dataset contains fiber photometry data, electrophysiology data and behavioral data of mice., Behavioral training was performed as previously described (Hegedus et al., 2021, Training protocol for probabilistic Pavlovian conditioning in mice using an open-source head-fixed setup). Briefly, mice were habituated to a headfixation apparatus and were trained to listen to tones and collect water rewards in a headfixed setup. Two tones of different frequency were associated with likely reward / unlikely punishment or unlikely reward/likely punishment (12 kHz tone predicted 80% water reward, 10% air-puff punishment, 10% omission; 4 kHz tone predicted 25% water reward, 65% air-puff punishment, 10% omission).
Bulk calcium imaging of cholinergic neurons was performed by fiber photometry (dual fiber photometry setup, Doric Neuroscience) and visualized online with Doric Studio Software. Two LED light sources (465 nm, 405 nm) were channeled into fluorescent Mini Cubes (iFMC4, Doric Neuroscience). Light was amplitude-modulated by the command voltage of the two-channel LED driver (LEDD_2, Dori..., Associated code located at https://github.com/hangyabalazs/cholinergic_Pavlovian_analysis.