COUGH(TUSSIS): FROM BASIC MECHANISM TO CLINICAL APPROACH

Cough is one of the most frequent clinical manifestations that are observed in every day medical practice and is an important protective reflex of the respiratory system. It is important in clearing the airway of mucus, airway irritants, and foreign particles, hence, normal respiratory functioning. Despite the fact that cough is often related to minor conditions like a viral infection, cough can also be a symptom of serious sicknesses such as asthma, pneumonia, tuberculosis and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. A good explanation of the underlying mechanisms, types, causes, and clinical approach to cough is the key to making accurate diagnosis and effective management. This article presents a clear and simple overview of cough focusing on its correlation, physiology, classification, differential diagnosis, red flag signs, investigation and treatment principles in a simple and clinically relevant manner to medical students.