SOCIAL INSURANCE SYSTEMS FOR EMPLOYEES AND EMPLOYERS

Social insurance systems are fundamental mechanisms for protecting employees and employers against financial risks associated with illness, disability, retirement, and unemployment. In Uzbekistan, the development of comprehensive social insurance schemes is critical for enhancing social protection, labor market stability, and economic security. This study analyzes the structure, regulatory framework, and effectiveness of social insurance programs for both employees and employers in Uzbekistan. Using legislative review, comparative international analysis, and evaluation of implementation data, the research identifies challenges such as limited coverage, insufficient digital administration, and funding constraints. Findings indicate that expanding coverage, modernizing administration through digital platforms, and increasing public awareness are essential for improving social insurance effectiveness. The study concludes that comprehensive and efficient social insurance systems contribute to social stability, economic resilience, and workforce productivity.