Enhanced solubility of foliar fertilizer via spray dryer: Process analysis and productivity optimization by response surface methodology

ABSTRACT Foliar fertilization is a highly efficient technique of applying needed plant nutrients. During pulverization in the field, the incompatibility between fertilizer and pesticides can cause clogging of the spray nozzles. So, this work aims to improve the solubility of foliar fertilizers to facilitate its application. The effect of airflow, inlet gas temperature, and feed solution flow rate over yield, productivity, solubility, and final moisture were evaluated. The powder solubility was improved because of the capillary effect caused by greater porosity, roughness, and particle agglomeration. The maximum productivity of 0.336 kg/h was obtained at 175 ºC, with a liquid feed of 0.82 L/h and an airflow rate of 1.95 m3/min.