Fatal Cannabis Intoxication in an Infant Following Accidental Ingestion: A Case Report and literature review

AbstractIntroduction: Fatal cannabis intoxication in infants is exceptionally rare and underscores the unique physiological vulnerability of this population. This report contributes to the scarce scientific literature by documenting a fatal outcome following accidental ingestion of cannabis resin.Case Presentation: A previously healthy 10-month-old male infant was admitted with somnolence, axial hypotonia, fixed gaze, hypotension, and intermittent apnea after suspected ingestion of cannabis resin. Laboratory tests revealed severe hyperkalemia (serum potassium 6.8 mEq/L). Toxicological screening confirmed Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol exposure.Interventions and Outcomes: The infant was admitted to the pediatric intensive care unit, where he received intubation, mechanical ventilation, vasoactive support, and correction of electrolyte disturbances. Despite maximal supportive care, he developed refractory seizures, progressive cardiovascular collapse, and died within 24 hours of admission.Conclusion: This case highlights the potential lethality of cannabis exposure in infants. Early recognition, timely intensive care, and preventive strategies, including caregiver education and strict safety measures,are crucial to reduce the risk of pediatric cannabis intoxication.