Hydro-Geochemical assessment in Sathankulam Region, Southern Tamilnadu: and it’s perspective of physico-chemical characterization and quality

Geochemical studies of groundwater were carried out in the sedimentary and metamorphic terrain area of the Sathankulam region, Thoothukudi district, Tamilnadu, India. The Geology of this study area is given. Average Physico-chemical analytical data, such as pH, EC, TDS, Cations, Na, K, Ca and Mg, Anions HCO3, SO4, Cl, NO3 of groundwater samples collected from open well and the bore well for this period of two seasons, such as, average pre-monsoon and post-monsoon. Were, tabulated. Various thematic GIS maps were generated by using the software ArcGIS-10.8. Interpretation techniques such as the Inverse Distance Weighting (IDW) method, was applied to obtain the spatial distribution of groundwater quality maps. All groundwater environmental data were processed and evaluated by using an HYCH program, which includes, Stuyfzand classification, USSL classification, Gibbs mechanism, Sodium Adsorption Ratio, RSC, PI, and Piper environment. Various thematic environmental spatial maps through ArcGIS-10.8 software were also generated for the HYCH output. Results obtained from HYCH output helps to estimate the water quality as good, bad, and satisfactory for domestic and irrigation or agriculture quality.

本研究在印度泰米尔纳德邦托图库迪地区萨坦库拉姆区域的沉积岩和变质岩地形区开展了地下水地球化学研究。本研究的地质概况已予以阐述。对所收集的开放井和钻井水样进行了平均物理化学分析，包括pH值、电导率、总溶解固体、阳离子（Na、K、Ca和Mg）以及阴离子（HCO3、SO4、Cl和NO3），并按季节（如平均季前和季后）进行了统计。利用ArcGIS-10.8软件生成了各种专题地理信息系统（GIS）地图。采用逆距离加权（IDW）方法等解释技术，以获得地下水质量的空间分布图。所有地下水环境数据均通过HYCH程序进行处理和评估，该程序包括Stuyfzand分类、USSL分类、Gibbs机制、钠吸附率、RSC、PI和Piper环境分析。此外，还利用ArcGIS-10.8软件生成了HYCH输出的各种专题环境空间地图。从HYCH输出结果中获得的估计结果有助于判断水质对于家庭、灌溉或农业用途的质量优劣，分别界定为良好、较差及满意。