陕北黄土高原干燥度变化数据集（1981-2012）

干燥度是表征区域干旱程度的一个指标。以陕北黄土高原为研究区域，使用中国气象数据共享服务系统提供的陕北11个气象站点的日气象数据（包括降水量、气温、日照时数、风速和相对湿度等，运用彭曼公式，计算出潜在蒸散量，然后用潜在蒸散量与降水量的比值，计算出干燥度。数据的计算是基于定边站数据覆盖期间为1989-2012年，铜川站为1981-1999年，耀县站为2000-2012年，其他8个站点数据覆盖时间为1981-2012年。作者应用Mann-Kendall趋势分析方法计算了1981-2012年、1981-1999年、2000-2012年三个时段的干燥度变化，得到1981-2012年陕北黄土高原干燥度变化数据集。数据结果表明，陕北干燥度为在1981-2012期间为1—2.77之间，在这期间，陕北干燥度以年均0.88%的速率在加大。该数据集包括：（1）研究区地理位置数据。（2）干燥度及其变化趋势、相对变化率数据，包括：a) 1981-2012年多年平均的研究区干燥度空间分布数据和等值线数据；b) 1981-2012、1981-1999、2000-2012年三个时段站点的干燥度空间变化趋势数据和研究区干燥度变化趋势的等值线数据；（c）1981-2012、1981-1999、2000-2012年三个时段研究区和站点的干燥度年相对变化率的空间分布数据。（3）1981-2012年多年平均的降雨量空间分布数据和等值线数据。（4）站点的多年平均降水量和干燥度数据。数据集存储为.shp、.tif和.adf格式，由130个数据文件组成，数据量为18.1 MB（压缩为1个文件，4.21 MB）。其中，栅格数据的空间分辨率是500m。该数据集的研究成果发表在Journal of Geographical Sciences 2015年25卷第3期。

Aridity index is an indicator characterizing the severity of regional drought. Taking the Loess Plateau in northern Shaanxi as the study area, daily meteorological data of 11 meteorological stations in this region provided by the China Meteorological Data Sharing Service System were used. The data include precipitation, air temperature, sunshine duration, wind speed, relative humidity, etc. The Penman formula was applied to calculate potential evapotranspiration, and then the aridity index was calculated using the ratio of potential evapotranspiration to precipitation. The data calculation was based on different time spans: the data from Dingbian Station covered the period from 1989 to 2012, those from Tongchuan Station covered 1981-1999, Yaoxian Station covered 2000-2012, and the data from the other 8 stations covered 1981-2012. The authors used the Mann-Kendall trend analysis method to calculate the aridity index changes over three periods: 1981-2012, 1981-1999, and 2000-2012, thereby obtaining the aridity index change dataset for the Loess Plateau in northern Shaanxi from 1981 to 2012. The dataset results show that the aridity index in northern Shaanxi ranged from 1 to 2.77 during 1981-2012, and during this period, the aridity index increased at an average annual rate of 0.88%. This dataset includes: (1) Geographical location data of the study area. (2) Aridity index and its change trend, relative change rate data, including: a) Spatial distribution data and contour data of the multi-year average aridity index of the study area from 1981 to 2012; b) Spatial change trend data of the aridity index at meteorological stations and contour data of the aridity index change trend in the study area over the three periods of 1981-2012, 1981-1999, and 2000-2012; c) Spatial distribution data of the annual relative change rate of the aridity index in the study area and at meteorological stations over the three periods of 1981-2012, 1981-1999, and 2000-2012. (3) Spatial distribution data and contour data of the multi-year average precipitation from 1981 to 2012. (4) Multi-year average precipitation and aridity index data of meteorological stations. The dataset is stored in .shp, .tif, and .adf formats, consisting of 130 data files with a total size of 18.1 MB (compressed into a single file of 4.21 MB). The spatial resolution of the raster data is 500 m. The research findings based on this dataset were published in *Journal of Geographical Sciences*, Volume 25, Issue 3, 2015.

搜集汇总

背景与挑战

背景概述

该数据集记录了陕北黄土高原1981-2012年间的干燥度变化情况，基于11个气象站的数据计算得出，干燥度范围在1至2.77之间，年均增长率为0.88%。数据集包含边界、干燥度趋势、降水分布等多类数据，适用于气候学和生态恢复研究。