TABLE 1 in COMPARATIVE ANATOMY OF THE INSECT TRACHEAL SYSTEM PART 1: INTRODUCTION, APTERYGOTES, PALEOPTERA, POLYNEOPTERA

TABLE 1 Insect Trachea Studies Methods: D, dissection; M, micro-CT; LA, lactic acid. Stage: L, larva; N, nymph; P, pupa; A, adult OrderFamilyGenusStageMethodReferenceLepidopteraBombycidaeDMalpighi, 1669EphemeropteraL, ADSwammerdam, 1737VariousDNewport, 1836VariousDPalmén, 1877MyriapodaSeveralDGrassi, 1885OdonataLibellulidaePlathemis LydiaLDScott, 1905ColeopteraDytiscidaeDytiscus marginalisDAlt, 1912a, 1912bOdonataSeveralDTillyard, 1914, 1917VariousDChapman, 1918OrthopteraAcrididaeDissosteria carolinaDVinal, 1919Blattodea Isoptera)SeveralDFuller, 1919OdonataLestidae, CoenagrionidaeLestes sp., Paripatus sp.LDKennedy, 1922PhasmatodeaLonchodidaeCarausius morosusLDLehmann, 1925ZygentomaLepismatidaeLepisma saccharinumADŠulc, 1927; Barnhart, 1958, 1961OrthopteraTettigoniidaePhasgonura viridissimaDCarpentier, 1927OdonataAeshnidaeAnax juniusNDSteiner, 1929VariousL, P, N, ADSnodgrass, 1935HypenopteraApididaeApis melliferaADSnodgrass, 1936OrthopteraSeveral (Ensifera)DAnder, 1939DipteraSeveralL, PDKeilin, 1944EphemeropteraSeveralLDLanda, 1948DipteraSeveralLDWhitten, 1955, 1956, 1957, 1959, 1960EmbiopteraEmbiidaeEmbolyntha baetsiADLacombe, 1958, 1971ColeopteraPassalidaePopilius disjunctusADRobertson, 1962ColeopteraBruchidaeSeveralDVats, 1972ColeopteraGyrinidaeDineutes indicusADTonapi, 1977EphemeropteraBehningiidaeDoliana americanaL, ADSoldán, 1979OrthopteraAcrididaeSchistocerca americanaADBurrows, 1980MantodeaMantidaeHierodula membranaceaADKerry and Mill, 1997PhasmatodeaLonchodidaeCarausius morosusADSchmitz and Perry, 1999; Strauss, 2021IsopodaOniscideaSeveralVariousDSchmidt and Wägele, 2001VariousMSocha and De Carlo, 2008ColeopteraOdontotaenius disjunctusAMWaters et al., 2013OrthopteraAcrididaeSchistocerca americanaAMShaha et al., 2013DipteraCalliphoridaeCalliphora vicinaAMWalker et al., 2014; Wasserthal et al., 2018ColeopteraTenebrionidaeTenebrio molitorL, P, AMIwan et al., 2015; Raś et al., 2018SeveralVariousLARuan et al., 2018ColeopteraCurculionidaeHypothenemus hampeiAMAlba-Tercedor et al., 2019PhasmatodeaPhasmatidae, DiapheromeridaeRamulus artemis, Siypolidea sipylusADStrauss, 2021 Major studies on insect tracheae. Note that some recent studies occasionally use dissection.