Emergent factors of cardiovascular risk epidemiology and global cardiovascular risk

Introduction: Risk factors determine important clinical implications for cardiovascular prevention. Objective: Determine the epidemiology of emerging cardiovascular risk factors and global cardiovascular risk. Method: an observational, analytical, longitudinal and retrospective, case/control investigation was carried out from the individuals evaluated in the cardiology clinic of the Darío Calzadilla Angulo Polyclinic, Banes municipality, Holguín province during May 2021- May 2022. By sampling simple random, the sample was obtained (113 cases). The bioethical requirements were met. Inclusion/exclusion criteria were applied. The following statisticians were used: Chi square, Odd Ratio (OR), including p and confidence interval. The variables were operationalized: sex, age, risk factors, cardiovascular disease, and global cardiovascular risk. The control group was formed at a ratio of 2:1. Results: The age groups 60-69 years and 40-49 years prevailed. The female sex predominated. The clinical forms of ischemic cardiomyopathy and arrhythmias had a higher incidence. The associated diseases expressed a significant statistical association for cardiovascular disease, with a predominance of arterial hypertension (OR=2.38), obesity (OR=1.64) and diabetes mellitus (OR=1.79); with increased risk. Emerging cardiovascular risk factors expressed a very significant statistical association for cardiovascular disease with a predominance of high triglyceride quantification values (X2=24.8 OR=3.93 95% CI (2.25;6.86) p=0.000). High global cardiovascular risk was more frequent. Conclusions: Emerging cardiovascular risk factors and global cardiovascular risk are mostly modifiable.
Keyword: CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE; EPIDEMIOLOGY; RISK FACTOR'S; GLOBAL CARDIOVASCULAR RISK