Genetic Studies in Carrot (Daucus carota L.): Advancements and Trends in Research

Cultivated carrot (Daucus carota L. subsp. sativus) is a globally important crop, valued both economically and nutritionally for its high content of beta-carotene, vitamins, and other bioactive compounds. Advances in molecular genetics and genomics have significantly contributed to carrot breeding, enhancing traits such as yield, stress tolerance, disease resistance, pigment content (carotenoids and anthocyanins), and nutritional quality. This study provides a comprehensive scientometric analysis of genetic research on carrots, mapping trends, and identifying main research themes and methodological developments from 1960 to 2023. Through bibliometric analysis of 398 publications indexed in Web of Science, using keyword co-occurrence networks, author collaboration patterns, and temporal trend analysis. Three distinct research phases were identified: an initial exploratory phase (1964-1989), a growth phase driven by molecular marker development (1990-2009), and a modern acceleration phase (2010-2023) characterized by next-generation sequencing and genome-wide association studies. Research focus was predominantly on Plant Biology (67.59%), followed by Conservation (15.58%) and Plant Breeding (10.55%). The integration of omics technologies has provided new insights into abiotic stress tolerance, carotenoid and anthocyanin biosynthesis, and genetic diversity. Despite significant advancements, challenges remain in integrating genomic resources into breeding programs and ensuring genetic diversity conservation. Future research should emphasize genome-assisted breeding strategies and functional genomics for sustainable carrot production under climate change.