CAST analysis showed that agmatine treatment modulated BMP- 2/7 expressions in neurons & oligodendrocytes and BMP- 4 expressions in astrocytes & oligodendrocytes following SCI.

(A) Stereological counting of BMP- 2+/MAP-2+and (B) BMP- 2+/Olig-2+ cells in the injured spinal cord (Th 8–Th 10 segments). The number of BMP- 2+/MAP-2+ and BMP- 2+/Olig-2+ cells were significantly increased in the Agm treated group (n = 5) compared with the EC group (n = 5) at 7 & 35 DPI and 7 & 14 DPI (C) BMP- 7+/MAP-2+ and (D) BMP- 7+/Olig-2+ cells in the Th 8–Th 10 segments of the injured spinal cord. The number of BMP-7+/MAP-2+ and BMP-7+/Olig-2+ cells were significantly increased in the Agm treated group (n = 5) compared with the EC group (n = 5) at 7 & 14 days and 7 days respectively following SCI. (E) BMP- 4+/GFAP+ and (F) BMP- 4+/Olig-2+ cells in Th 8–Th 10 segments of the injured spinal cord. The number of BMP- 4+/GFAP+ and BMP- 4+/Olig-2+ cells were decreased at all the time periods in the Agm treated group (n = 5) compared with the EC group (n = 5) and the decrease was significant at 7 & 14 days and 14 & 35 days respectively following SCI. †, ppp