Catches of Thanasimus predator and Ips prey in the multiple funnel/barrier trap groups baited with either kairomone alone or kairomone plus different NHV components for the prey, Småland, Sweden.

†)Kairomone composed of the pheromone components of Ips typographus and I. duplicatus plus the host attractants of Tomicus piniperda, three of the major bark beetle prey species in Scandinavia. In all 2+2+3 = 7 kairomone components, for details of compounds and dispensers, see Table 2, part 2. NHV components for the prey (C8, 3GLV, tC, Vn); for abbreviations and details of the compounds and their dispensers, see Table 2, part 2.a)Values with the same letter in each column and experiment are not significantly different within the experiment (P>0.05) by paired t-test. n = trap pair rotations.*)Standardized effect size, as bias corrected Hedges' d[76]. Negative values show a reduction of attraction response measured as the trap catch. Conventionally, effect sizes of 0.5 are regarded as ‘medium’ and ≥0.8 as ‘strong’ [29].