Summary Data for Included Studies.

Note. NZ = New Zealand; IRE = Ireland; NTL = Netherlands; CAN = Canada; FRA = France; SWE = Sweden; IRN = Iran; SWZ = Switzerland; ESP = Spain; DMK = Denmark; EGT = Egypt; SGP = Singapore; JPN = Japan; EST = Estonia; GMY = Germany; AUS = Australia; IBD = inflammatory bowel disorder; TIA = Transient Ischemic Attack; MARS is the Medication Adherence Rating Scale from Thompson, Kulkarni, & Sergejew (2000); MEMS is Medication Event Monitoring System; CQ-R is the Compliance Questionnaire-Rheumatology from de Klerk, van der Heijde, Landewé, van der Tempel, & van der Linden (2003); MMAS is the Morisky Medication Adherence Scale from Morisky, Green, & Levine (1986); TxEQ is the Transplant Effects Questionnaire from Ziegelmann et al. (2002); ACTG is the Adherence to Combination Therapy Guide from Chesney et al., 2000; RAM is the Reported Adherence to Medication Scale from Horne et al., (1999), renamed MARS (Medication Adherence Report Scale); VAS = visual analogue scale.aAdherence result selected for use in meta-analysis;bAdherence measure dichotomised into adherent and nonadherent groups;cRelationship between adherence measure and BMQ scales not reported.