Surface and Bottom In Situ, Interpolated Hydrographic Climatologies of the Northwest Atlantic Ocean for 2000-2024

New in situ, interpolated hydrographic monthly climatologies were created for the Northeast U.S. Continental Shelf (NES) and surrounding boundary waters (defined as 34°N-77°N to 45°N-63°W) for the years 2000 - 2024. The climatologies were created at two depth bins: the surface and bottom, where the surface is defined as observations averaged above the mixed layer depth (GLORYS12V1 climatological MLD), and the bottom includes all averaged data within 10 meters of the bathymetric bottom (SRTM 15+). The products described here rely solely on in situ measurements rather than satellite imagery, as satellite-derived products can be coarse and only reflect the skin layer of the ocean. Multiple point data sources and data collection methods, including observations collected from traditional vertical oceanographic profiles, flowthrough systems, buoys, gliders, and others, were aggregated to create the in situ dataset. A 3-dimensional spatiotemporal Barnes objective analysis was performed to create the monthly climatologies for both temperature and salinity at the two depth bins. Root mean squared error (RMSE) and an uncertainty metric were provided with the interpolation. The uncertainty metric highlights regions and seasons that are data-poor and/or highly variable, and where there is lower confidence in the interpolated values.