Supplementary Material for: A Pilot Study Examining the Effects of Ischemic Conditioning on Walking Capacity and Lower Extremity Muscle Performance in Patients with Claudication

<b><i>Introduction:</i></b> This study investigated whether a novel therapy called ischemic conditioning (IC) improves walking capacity and lower extremity muscle performance in patients with peripheral vascular disease who experience intermittent claudication. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> Forty-three patients with claudication were enrolled and received either IC or IC Sham for 2 weeks in this randomized, controlled, double-blinded, prospective study. IC sessions involved five cycles of alternating 5-min inflations of a blood pressure cuff to 225 mm Hg (25 mm Hg for IC Sham) and 5-min deflations, around the thigh of the affected lower extremity. <b><i>Results:</i></b> There was no difference in the change in claudication onset time (Δ = 114 ± 212 s IC vs. 104 ± 173 s IC Sham; <i>p</i> = 0.67) or peak walking time (Δ = 42 ± 139 s IC vs. 12 ± 148 s IC Sham; <i>p</i> = 0.35) between the IC and IC Sham groups. At the level of the knee, participants in the IC group performed more work (Δ = 3,029 ± 4,999 J IC vs. 345 ± 2,863 J IC Sham; <i>p</i> = 0.03) and displayed a greater time to muscle fatigue (Δ = 147 ± 221 s IC vs. −27 ± 236 s IC Sham; <i>p</i> = 0.01). <b><i>Discussion/Conclusion:</i></b> In patients with claudication, IC improved total work performed and time to fatigue at the knee but did not change walking parameters.