Data from: 3D sorghum reconstructions from depth images identify QTL regulating shoot architecture

Dissecting the genetic basis of complex traits is aided by frequent and
nondestructive measurements. Advances in range imaging technologies enable
the rapid acquisition of three-dimensional (3D) data from an imaged scene.
A depth camera was used to acquire images of sorghum (Sorghum bicolor), an
important grain, forage, and bioenergy crop, at multiple developmental
time points from a greenhouse-grown recombinant inbred line population. A
semiautomated software pipeline was developed and used to generate
segmented, 3D plant reconstructions from the images. Automated
measurements made from 3D plant reconstructions identified quantitative
trait loci for standard measures of shoot architecture, such as shoot
height, leaf angle, and leaf length, and for novel composite traits, such
as shoot compactness. The phenotypic variability associated with some of
the quantitative trait loci displayed differences in temporal prevalence;
for example, alleles closely linked with the sorghum Dwarf3 gene, an auxin
transporter and pleiotropic regulator of both leaf inclination angle and
shoot height, influence leaf angle prior to an effect on shoot height.
Furthermore, variability in composite phenotypes that measure overall
shoot architecture, such as shoot compactness, is regulated by loci
underlying component phenotypes like leaf angle. As such, depth imaging is
an economical and rapid method to acquire shoot architecture phenotypes in
agriculturally important plants like sorghum to study the genetic basis of
complex traits.