In vitro evaluation of the anti-breast cancer properties and gene expression profiles of Thai traditional formulary medicine extracts

Breast cancer (BC) is a major public health problem leading cause of cancer death both in Thailand and worldwide. In 2020, BC is the third most common type of cancer in Thailand. The occurrence rate of BC is increasingly found every year. World health organization (WHO) recently reported that there were 22,158 new cases of BC in 2020, accounting for 11.6%. Currently, standard treatments of cancer are surgery, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, hormonal therapy, and targeted therapy. Nonetheless, these treatments are limited due to their side effect, expensive cost, and the development of cancer. Therefore, new alternative treatments are needed. Treatment with Thai traditional formularies medicine (TTFM) or combination treatment of modern medicine with TTFM is another option that has received high interest from Thai patients with cancer. TTFM is a valuable legacy of the wisdom that Thai ancestors had accumulated and inherited for a long time. However, there are some differences in trial and error in each locality. Moreover, some changes and improvements are always found. This research is interested in studying the potential effects of Thai traditional medicine recipe, which is now published, for cancer treatment. The expected benefits of this study include the knowledge of the compositions and the effects of TTFM on the inhibition of tumor growth in both BC cell lines and mouse models. It might be applied for alternative treatment or combination treatment with the modern drugs of BC patients in the future.