第二次全国湿地资源调查

湿地资源调查是湿地保护管理和履行《湿地公约》的重要基础，调查结果是制定国家湿地保护宏观战略规划和政策制度的重要依据。国家林业局于1995 至2003 年组织完成了首次全国湿地资源调查，初步掌握了全国湿地资源的类型、分布、面积、保护管理等情况，为开展湿地资源保护管理和履行《湿地公约》提供了重要依据。近十年来，随着我国经济社会快速发展，人口不断激增，人类对湿地干扰不断加剧，湿地的面积减少、质量下降、功能退化的趋势并没有得到有效抑制，我国湿地资源正经历着前所未有的变化，首次湿地资源调查成果已经失去了时效性、科学性。因此，全面掌握我国湿地资源现状情况显得十分必要，十分紧迫。2009年启动的第二次全国湿地资源调查，历经5 年，全国各省累计203单位、2.23万人参与了调查工作，查清了我国湿地资源基本情况，同时动态分析了我国湿地资源动态变化情况及变化原因。主要内容有： 1.利用3S技术和我国自主发射中巴资源卫星遥感数据，采用了遥感影像区划判读结合地面全覆盖验证和现地因子采集的方法，查清了我国湿地资源类型、分布、面积和保护管理状况，及重要湿地野生动植物、水环境、生态状况、受威胁、保护利用等情况。并建立了我国湿地资源遥感影像数据库和湿地解译标志数据库，获得了27.62万块湿地斑块区划矢量数据，首次完成了我国湿地的具体“落地”，掌握了我国湿地资源动态变化情况等基础数据，使我国湿地“具有可查、可追溯性”成为现实。 2.首次系统、全面的掌握了国际重要湿地、国家重要湿地、湿地自然保护区、湿地公园和其他重要湿地的范围、分布、湿地类型，及其湿地野生动植物资源、水环境要素、保护管理、社会经济、湿地利用和受威胁状况。 3.编撰出版了《全国湿地资源调查报告》，全面翔实论述了我国湿地调查概况、湿地面积与分布、湿地植物和植被、湿地野生动物、湿地生态状况、湿地保护与利用、湿地资源动态变化、湿地资源评价与建议。该调查报告得到评审专家一致好评，填补了我国湿地基础数据空白，成为湿地保护管理的工具性和综合性的专业成果报告。

Wetland resource surveys serve as a critical foundation for wetland conservation and management, as well as for the implementation of the Ramsar Convention on Wetlands. Survey results represent a key basis for formulating national macro-strategic plans, policies and regulations for wetland protection.

The State Forestry Administration organized and completed the first national wetland resource survey from 1995 to 2003, which preliminarily clarified the types, distribution, area, conservation and management status of national wetland resources, providing an important basis for wetland conservation, management and the implementation of the Ramsar Convention.

Over the past decade, with the rapid development of China's economy and society, continuous surge in population and increasing human disturbance to wetlands, the trends of wetland area reduction, quality degradation and functional deterioration have not been effectively curbed. China's wetland resources are undergoing unprecedented changes, and the results of the first national wetland resource survey have lost their timeliness and scientific validity. Therefore, it is extremely necessary and urgent to fully grasp the current status of China's wetland resources.

The second national wetland resource survey, launched in 2009, took five years to complete, with a total of 203 institutions and 22,300 personnel from all provinces across the country participating in the survey work. The survey clarified the basic status of China's wetland resources, and dynamically analyzed the changes and their causes of China's wetland resources.

The main contents are as follows:
1. Adopting 3S technologies and remote sensing data from China's independently developed and launched China-Brazil Earth Resources Satellite (CBERS), the survey adopted a method combining remote sensing image zoning interpretation, full-coverage ground verification and field data collection to clarify the types, distribution, area, conservation and management status of China's wetland resources, as well as the status of wildlife, water environment, ecological conditions, threats, conservation and utilization of important wetlands. The survey established a remote sensing image database for China's wetland resources and a wetland interpretation sign database, and obtained 276,200 wetland patch zoning vector datasets. For the first time, the specific geographic locations of China's wetlands were accurately pinpointed, and basic data including the dynamic changes of China's wetland resources were obtained, making the realization of "traceable and auditable" wetlands in China a reality.
2. For the first time, the survey systematically and comprehensively clarified the scope, distribution, wetland types, as well as the status of wetland wildlife resources, water environment factors, conservation and management, socio-economic conditions, wetland utilization and threats of Ramsar Sites, national important wetlands, wetland nature reserves, wetland parks and other important wetlands.
3. "National Wetland Resource Survey Report" was compiled and published, comprehensively and in detail elaborating on the survey overview, wetland area and distribution, wetland plants and vegetation, wetland wildlife, wetland ecological status, wetland conservation and utilization, dynamic changes of wetland resources, wetland resource assessment and recommendations for wetland protection and management in China. The report was unanimously praised by the expert review panel, filled the gap in China's basic wetland data, and became an instrumental and comprehensive professional achievement report for wetland conservation and management.

搜集汇总

背景与挑战

背景概述

该数据集详细记录了第二次全国湿地资源调查的结果，包括湿地类型、分布、面积、保护管理状况及动态变化情况，采用了先进的3S技术和遥感数据，建立了湿地资源数据库，为湿地保护管理和政策制定提供了科学依据。数据集还包含了湿地野生动植物、水环境、生态状况等详细信息，填补了我国湿地基础数据的空白。