Gut Methanogen MAGs from Singapore
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Methanogenic Archaea (methanogens) are a phylogenetically diverse group of microorganisms and are considered to be the most abundant archaeal representatives in the human gut. However, the gut methanogen diversity of human populations in many global regions remains poorly investigated. Here, we report the abundance and diversity of gut methanogenic Archaea in a multi-ethnic cohort of healthy Singaporeans by using a concerted approach of metagenomic sequencing, 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing, and quantitative PCR. Our results indicate a mutual exclusion of <em>Methanobrevibacter</em> species, i.e. the highly prevalent <em>Methanobrevibacter smithii</em> and the less prevalent <em>Candidatus</em> Methanobrevibacter intestini in more than 80% of the samples when using an amplicon sequencing-based approach. Leveraging on this finding, we were able to select a fecal sample to isolate a representative strain, TLL-48-HuF1, for <em>Candidatus</em> Methanobrevibacter intestini. The analysed physiological parameters of <em>M. smithii</em> DSM 861<sup>T</sup> and strain TLL-48-HuF1 suggest high similarity of the two species. Comparative genome analysis and the mutual exclusion of the <em>Methanobrevibacter</em> species indicate potentially different niche adaptation strategies in the human host, which may support the designation of <em>Candidatus</em> M. intestini as a novel species. The deposited data are methanogen MAGs that were obtained through high-throughput sequencing of the samples.
