Homo sapiens Gut Metagenome

Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA)-associated gut microbiota dysbiosis remains undefined. Our research assessed associations between changes in the gut microbiota and CCA. The composition and diversity of the fecal microbiota of 40 patients with CCA and 95 healthy controls were determined with 16S rRNA sequencing. The abundance and diversity of the gut microbiota were markedly reduced in the CCA group compared with the healthy control group, although most of the gut microorganisms were the same. Firmicutes (42.97% vs. 49.63%), Bacteroidetes (38.89% vs. 43.42%), and Proteobacteria (12.87% vs. 3.38%) were the most dominant phyla in CCA group and healthy control group. In the CCA group, 21 genera were dominant, accounting for 83.89% of all genera. In the healthy control group, 19 genera were dominant, accounting for 84.72%. Fifteen genera were shared between groups. Among the dominant genera, Bacteroides, Roseburia, Blautia, Lachnospiracea_incertae_sedis, and Ruminococcus were significantly less abundant (p<0.05), and Escherichia, Streptococcus, Klebsiella and Veillonella were significantly more abundant in the CCA (p<0.05). The most significant metabolic pathways related to the gut microbiota were Neurodegenerative Diseases, Metabolism of Other Amino Acids, Infectious Diseases, Metabolism, and Amino Acid Metabolism. Lastly, diagnostic models constructed from nine genera distinguished the CCA and healthy control groups (area under the curve of 0.8424 for the training set and 0.8185 for the validation set). Our research unveiled that gut microbiota dysbiosis may plan an important role in CCA pathogenesis.