Defects in placental syncytiotrophoblast cells are a common cause of developmental heart disease

E14.5 placentas from three mutant mutant mouse lines (Atp11a, Smg9 and Ssr2) with high co-occurance of placental and heart defects were sequenced. Transcriptional changes associated with ventricular septal defects were characterized. Mutant mouse lines were generated with EUCOMM/KOMP knockout first conditional-ready targeted ES cell resources ((http://www.mousephenotype.org/about-ikmc/eucomm-program/eucomm-targeting-strategies). Gene expression profiling was compared at E14.5 between wild-type, and heterozygous and homozygous (KO) mutants (6-11 per genotype) in Atp11a, Smg9 and Ssr2 lines (Tm1a- non functional gene structure only)