Comparative XAS study of Song Dynasty black-to-brown glazed ceramics from North China

Black-to-brown glazed ceramics manufactured during the Song Dynasty (960-1279) have become a major scientific issue since the discovery of ε‑Fe2O3 at their surface. This oxide is rare compared to the more stable hematite and has interesting magnetic properties, so a better understanding of the chemistry leading to its growth in such ceramics is an important asset both for modern applications and the study of their manufacturing process. This study aims at comparing the glazes of productions from different kiln complexes from North China using Fe K-edge XAS, to monitor potential differences in the kiln atmosphere between the manufacturing sites.