Performance characteristics of anal cytology, high-risk HPV DNA, HPV E6/E7 mRNA, and p16 immunocytochemistry to detect anal histologic HSIL at baseline, by HIV status.

HSIL, high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion; CI, confidence interval; PPV, positive predictive value; NPV, negative predictive value; AROC, area under the receiver operator characteristics curve; HPV, human papillomavirus.HSIL included anal intraepithelial neoplasia (AIN) 2 or AIN 3 on histology.aHigh-risk HPV DNA included HPV types 16, 18, 31, 33, 35, 39, 45, 51, 52, 56, 58, 59, and 68.bE6/E7 mRNA positivity was defined as greater than or equal to 2% of cells which had E6/E7 mRNA over-expression in the sample.cp16 immunocytochemistry was considered positive if there was a presence of cells with cytoplasmic and/or nuclear staining.d*P≤0.05 and ‡ P≤0.001 in pairwise comparisons against anal cytology, in subjects with HSIL for sensitivity and subjects without HSIL for specificity.eP values for pairwise comparisons of the AROC relative to anal cytology as a reference group.