Effects of Teriparatide on miRNA Profile in Different Treatments of Mesenchymal Stem Cells

Teriparatide, a synthetic peptide, mimics the initial 34 amino acids of the natural human parathyroid hormone (PTH). Studies suggest that PTH reduces osteoblast cell death and activates dormant bone-lining cells. Additionally, it hinders the conversion of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) into adipocytes while promoting their differentiation into osteoblasts. However, previous research has also revealed PTH's detrimental effects on bone, demonstrating its catabolic nature. These effects vary depending on the type of treatment; intermittent therapy may enhance osteoblast formation, while continuous treatment may inhibit it. To understand the underlying mechanism of this disparity, a thorough grasp of signaling pathways and various mechanisms governing bone cell activity and overall bone regeneration is essential. Despite significant progress, the exact mechanism by which teriparatide influences bone development and equilibrium remains partially understood. Our study aimed to unravel teriparatide's bone-related mechanisms through microRNAs (miRNAs). Human mesenchymal stem cells underwent treatment with teriparatide at various stages of their transformation into osteoblasts, and samples were gathered at the end of the process (day 21).